Fire safety measures at home

CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE TYPES: SIGNS, RESPONSE, AND PREVENTION

1. Electrical Fire

Signs: Sparks, smoke, or a burning smell from power outlets, electrical wires, or devices.

Response:

Immediately turn off the main circuit breaker if possible.

Use a CO₂ or dry powder fire extinguisher.

Do NOT use water as it can cause electrocution.

If the fire spreads, evacuate immediately and call 114.

Prevention:

Avoid overloading power outlets.

Replace old or low-quality electrical wires.

Turn off electrical devices when not in use.

2. Gas Leak Fire

Signs: Smell of gas, hissing sound from gas pipes or cylinders.

Response:

Do NOT switch electrical devices on/off or use mobile phones in the area.

Open doors and turn on fans to disperse gas.

Immediately turn off the gas valve.

If a fire starts, use a dry powder fire extinguisher or cover the fire with a wet blanket.

Call the fire department (114) if the fire is uncontrollable.

Prevention:

Regularly inspect the gas system.

Ensure gas stoves and cylinders are placed in well-ventilated areas.

Always turn off the gas valve after cooking.

3. Gas Cylinder Explosion Fire

Signs: Loud explosion, sudden flames from the gas stove.

Response:

Evacuate immediately if the fire spreads rapidly.

Do NOT return to collect belongings.

Alert neighbors and call 114.

If injured, provide first aid and seek medical assistance.

Prevention:

Use only certified gas cylinders with safety valves.

Keep gas cylinders away from high heat sources.

4. Water Heater Explosion Fire

Signs: Overheated water, small explosions inside the heater, smoke coming from the unit.

Response:

Immediately turn off the power supply.

If a fire starts, use a CO₂ or dry powder extinguisher.

If there is a burning smell, avoid switching electrical devices on/off and call a technician.

Prevention:

Do not leave the water heater on for extended periods.

Regularly check the pressure valve and electrical system.

5. Clothes on Fire

Response:

Do NOT run, as movement will intensify the flames.

Cover yourself with a thick blanket or coat to smother the flames.

If no cover is available, drop to the ground and roll to extinguish the fire.

Cool burns with clean water for at least 10 minutes; do NOT apply creams or oils.

Prevention:

Avoid standing near open flames while wearing loose or flammable clothing.

Tie back long hair and wear fitted clothing when cooking.

6. Fire in Enclosed Spaces (Bedrooms, Bathrooms, High-Rise Buildings, Apartments)

Response:

Check the door before opening: If the door is hot: Do NOT open it; find an alternative escape route. If the door is cool: Open it slowly; if heavy smoke appears, close it immediately.

Use a wet cloth to cover your nose and mouth and crawl low to avoid toxic fumes.

Seal door gaps with wet towels to prevent smoke entry.

If trapped, go to a balcony or window and use a flashlight or bright-colored cloth to signal for help.

Do NOT jump from high floors—wait for firefighters.

Prevention:

Always have an escape plan for each room.

Keep smoke masks or wet towels ready in bedrooms.

7. Fire from Exploding Phones or Charging Batteries

Signs: Excessive phone overheating, burning smell, smoke from the battery.

Response:

Unplug the charger immediately.

If smoke or fire appears, place the phone in a container with sand or use a CO₂ extinguisher.

Do NOT use water to put out lithium battery fires.

Prevention:

Do NOT use your phone while charging.

Only use original chargers and avoid overnight charging.

If your phone overheats, do not place it on blankets or pillows.

IMPORTANT REMINDERS:

Always ensure clear escape routes for all family members.

Teach children basic fire escape skills and emergency number 114.

Equip your home with fire extinguishers, smoke masks, and flashlights in accessible locations.